Hyper Turbo is a format of poker tournaments and Sit and Gos where the blind structure increases extremely rapidly, sometimes as fast as every 3 minutes. Typically players are very short staked in hyper turbos, and the tournament goes very quickly.
A typical standard online tournament blind structure increases every 10-20 minutes. The actual speed depends on a number of factors including the tournament's buy-in. Turbo blind structures tend to increase every five or so minutes, with hyper-turbos being even crazier, raising the blinds every three-minutes or so.